Testing Mendel's Data

Students analyze Mendel's original F2 data to identify inheritance patterns, calculate expected outcomes using probability, and apply chi-square analysis to test whether observed results support the predicted 3:1 ratio — connecting statistical evidence to the Laws of Segregation and Independent Assortment.

Data and Resources

Additional Info

Field Value
Subject Area Biology
Grade Band 9-10
Technology Tool CODAP
Class Time Estimate 2
Data Science Focus
  • 9-10.D.1.4a Identify situations when distinguishing from random chance is especially important. e.g., medical drug trial, public policy implementation
  • 9-10.D.1.4b Describe probability distributions and give real-world examples of how they can represent different types of random events.
  • 9-10.D.1.4c Identify and describe a normal distribution as a possible model for random chance that can be used to determine whether a result is statistically significant.
  • 9-10.D.2.4a Formulate a statement that directly addresses the original investigation question, incorporates relevant statistical data to substantiate the conclusion, and interprets the statistical results to explain their broader implications in practice. e.g., statistical claims are not solely about numbers, they also interpret what the results signify and why they are important for solving a problem or answering a question
  • 9-10.D.2.4b Identify statements that do NOT include descriptions of the data and context implications that address the original investigation question.
Standards Alignment HS-LS3-3
Prerequisites Basic genetics vocabulary (genes, alleles, dominant/recessive, genotype/phenotype); monohybrid Punnett squares; meiosis and gamete formation; comfort with ratios, percentages, basic probability; writing/evaluating hypotheses.
Version 1.0
Date Created July 7, 2026
Last Updated July 7, 2026